タイトル |
Alternaria alternataによるセイヨウナシ黒斑病 |
担当機関 |
新潟県農業総合研究所 |
研究期間 |
1996~1999 |
研究担当者 |
|
発行年度 |
2000 |
要約 |
新潟県内の西洋ナシ品種「ル レクチエ」に発生する腐敗芽および黒変葉は、Alternaria alternata によって引き起こされる病害である。同菌による西洋ナシの病害は、本件が初めてであることから、本病をセイヨウナシ黒斑病と呼称する。
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背景・ねらい |
平成4年頃から新潟県の西洋ナシ栽培産地で、品種「ル レクチエ」の葉に黒変症状が発生し、著しい場合には,早期落葉を起こし生産性を低下させる。そこで発生原因を解明し、防除対策に資する。
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成果の内容・特徴 |
- 葉の病徴は、最初褐色~黒色の不整形斑点を生じる。やがて病斑は拡大し、発病程度の激しいものは落葉する(図1)。黒変葉は、5月頃に果叢葉で見られはじめ、その後8月~9月に果叢葉及び新梢葉で急増する(図2)。
- 芽の病徴は、花芽および葉芽が褐変~黒変し、程度の激しい場合腐敗する。そのため花
芽および葉芽は,不発芽で発芽しても奇形を呈する(図1)。
- 腐敗芽と黒変葉の発生には,高い正の相関が見られる(図3)。
- 腐敗芽および黒変葉から分離した、Alternaria属菌の分生胞子を無傷接種した結果、いずれも「ル レクチエ」葉に病徴を再現し、病斑部から接種菌と同一の菌が再分離される。また日本ナシ品種「二十世紀」には、病原性はない(表1)。
- 病斑部から分離した菌は、分生胞子の形態等から、Alternaria alternata(Fr)Keisserと同定される(表2)。
- 以上から新潟県内で発生した,西洋ナシ品種「ル レクチエ」の腐敗芽および黒変葉の原因は、Alternaria alternata(Fr)Keisserによる病害である。本病をセイヨウナシ黒斑病と呼称する。
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成果の活用面・留意点 |
- 西洋ナシ品種「ル レクチエ」の腐敗芽および黒斑葉の原因が明らかになったことから、今後病原菌の伝染環を解明することで適切な防除技術の開発が可能となる。
- 他品種での発生は不明である。
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図表1 |
![214470-1.JPG](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/214470-1.JPG?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEA8aDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkYwRAIgFcEP3ifUv3rTCwieOFaxQBTGvD9xwvIiNvaf4QA5vF4CICKNWdgRLzFFbbwlHRbkMecNjjLj2WqG4kOoIX1S1sGYKpkECOj%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEQAhoMNTMyMzMxMDcyMDQxIgxHpEzwBZZ6oWky2AAq7QPG5%2FFSHsra5%2BC5%2FXqG%2BPzRf2IvCXDlcZJ7h72HEw3JGtFJ1d5vYh7wg13GnRqOKi192%2FTYGyVuIE%2FnWAgs3Eih0xecWNz34CrjGjvcuxQ59o8YPjmxr4YUHSQNI1uskw6qQ9dblkQ8J8RqL20Gwf%2BVNyn%2BmwEPq3BT%2BgeTZ95ZpkpKc4esnQX%2BppNa7uGIIuqnXh8H7r6KApUuJmmBGBDXv1SL4gAxALH3Ugnx%2BdWE1Jz5difcrvv6nEkVQHMRKz5HUxK2ZHcfkSxbUe4qW9iw6Q2cUDpuAbT68E01uyb15Af3wMLDuiXPxv0%2F2ywcVbVwDC2fPLz6stL%2B38wlFCBS3pDK47Tsa0JKoFZL3%2FGtT9etwH3JkAdNivg713%2FVjeJV4YRhaCTb%2BDNhS5oupaf24WkIPxMJeB1ccsFXRr9nV%2FjLOABsKScq6rR0shldHKA9xN0MD%2BpvhN24LPkAfAxZI%2BxIfd14%2FVyKqV7SynVsqmraYVRq2GfPeDa1ytcGxcVtMh%2BhyjZEE31j2iflkmkIgWLqcfWFuG87u%2FOp3GqFzCHenIQLdGG0TA81Qo513V1yHEqvZnmOUUnyVmROs9k6iR7hIwqtIs4wwLpFWiGQChnbKYaALvo0Z5LrR6GYCMooClhPscohrQp%2FqlsrMOq7krUGOqcBMEak%2Busp908%2FGwdHoUanws8XnPaMweph2wI3SVF%2B1cxPLqialGD30hr2WEhwaRmVaHceGJOmzgHHh5xL0o3qfc0%2FpZeEEpK5EZun2nkh9ylLAywQFaa9kboiQhtMuwuscLOofJ7%2FiX%2F0RfZee3jLfOk3VQOXeh6ZvOmzugqRkFBRrHi%2BcoAUPkOYB2tSTwNyPUVEPVfgJyqWdhuV5lzmE7%2FQRt1LCCs%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUYJTPYP5S%2F20240727%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240727T072503Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=69415a4c18b983abaf2d0d8a08c6c7de77dbc0ef91b34e13535ff52049a08947) |
図表2 |
![214470-2.JPG](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/214470-2.JPG?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEA8aDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkYwRAIgFcEP3ifUv3rTCwieOFaxQBTGvD9xwvIiNvaf4QA5vF4CICKNWdgRLzFFbbwlHRbkMecNjjLj2WqG4kOoIX1S1sGYKpkECOj%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEQAhoMNTMyMzMxMDcyMDQxIgxHpEzwBZZ6oWky2AAq7QPG5%2FFSHsra5%2BC5%2FXqG%2BPzRf2IvCXDlcZJ7h72HEw3JGtFJ1d5vYh7wg13GnRqOKi192%2FTYGyVuIE%2FnWAgs3Eih0xecWNz34CrjGjvcuxQ59o8YPjmxr4YUHSQNI1uskw6qQ9dblkQ8J8RqL20Gwf%2BVNyn%2BmwEPq3BT%2BgeTZ95ZpkpKc4esnQX%2BppNa7uGIIuqnXh8H7r6KApUuJmmBGBDXv1SL4gAxALH3Ugnx%2BdWE1Jz5difcrvv6nEkVQHMRKz5HUxK2ZHcfkSxbUe4qW9iw6Q2cUDpuAbT68E01uyb15Af3wMLDuiXPxv0%2F2ywcVbVwDC2fPLz6stL%2B38wlFCBS3pDK47Tsa0JKoFZL3%2FGtT9etwH3JkAdNivg713%2FVjeJV4YRhaCTb%2BDNhS5oupaf24WkIPxMJeB1ccsFXRr9nV%2FjLOABsKScq6rR0shldHKA9xN0MD%2BpvhN24LPkAfAxZI%2BxIfd14%2FVyKqV7SynVsqmraYVRq2GfPeDa1ytcGxcVtMh%2BhyjZEE31j2iflkmkIgWLqcfWFuG87u%2FOp3GqFzCHenIQLdGG0TA81Qo513V1yHEqvZnmOUUnyVmROs9k6iR7hIwqtIs4wwLpFWiGQChnbKYaALvo0Z5LrR6GYCMooClhPscohrQp%2FqlsrMOq7krUGOqcBMEak%2Busp908%2FGwdHoUanws8XnPaMweph2wI3SVF%2B1cxPLqialGD30hr2WEhwaRmVaHceGJOmzgHHh5xL0o3qfc0%2FpZeEEpK5EZun2nkh9ylLAywQFaa9kboiQhtMuwuscLOofJ7%2FiX%2F0RfZee3jLfOk3VQOXeh6ZvOmzugqRkFBRrHi%2BcoAUPkOYB2tSTwNyPUVEPVfgJyqWdhuV5lzmE7%2FQRt1LCCs%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUYJTPYP5S%2F20240727%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240727T072503Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=a8f41d2c18fa992771dee761089f690483bdfdcac1369f63677e285791a76df6) |
図表3 |
![214470-3.JPG](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/214470-3.JPG?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEA8aDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkYwRAIgFcEP3ifUv3rTCwieOFaxQBTGvD9xwvIiNvaf4QA5vF4CICKNWdgRLzFFbbwlHRbkMecNjjLj2WqG4kOoIX1S1sGYKpkECOj%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEQAhoMNTMyMzMxMDcyMDQxIgxHpEzwBZZ6oWky2AAq7QPG5%2FFSHsra5%2BC5%2FXqG%2BPzRf2IvCXDlcZJ7h72HEw3JGtFJ1d5vYh7wg13GnRqOKi192%2FTYGyVuIE%2FnWAgs3Eih0xecWNz34CrjGjvcuxQ59o8YPjmxr4YUHSQNI1uskw6qQ9dblkQ8J8RqL20Gwf%2BVNyn%2BmwEPq3BT%2BgeTZ95ZpkpKc4esnQX%2BppNa7uGIIuqnXh8H7r6KApUuJmmBGBDXv1SL4gAxALH3Ugnx%2BdWE1Jz5difcrvv6nEkVQHMRKz5HUxK2ZHcfkSxbUe4qW9iw6Q2cUDpuAbT68E01uyb15Af3wMLDuiXPxv0%2F2ywcVbVwDC2fPLz6stL%2B38wlFCBS3pDK47Tsa0JKoFZL3%2FGtT9etwH3JkAdNivg713%2FVjeJV4YRhaCTb%2BDNhS5oupaf24WkIPxMJeB1ccsFXRr9nV%2FjLOABsKScq6rR0shldHKA9xN0MD%2BpvhN24LPkAfAxZI%2BxIfd14%2FVyKqV7SynVsqmraYVRq2GfPeDa1ytcGxcVtMh%2BhyjZEE31j2iflkmkIgWLqcfWFuG87u%2FOp3GqFzCHenIQLdGG0TA81Qo513V1yHEqvZnmOUUnyVmROs9k6iR7hIwqtIs4wwLpFWiGQChnbKYaALvo0Z5LrR6GYCMooClhPscohrQp%2FqlsrMOq7krUGOqcBMEak%2Busp908%2FGwdHoUanws8XnPaMweph2wI3SVF%2B1cxPLqialGD30hr2WEhwaRmVaHceGJOmzgHHh5xL0o3qfc0%2FpZeEEpK5EZun2nkh9ylLAywQFaa9kboiQhtMuwuscLOofJ7%2FiX%2F0RfZee3jLfOk3VQOXeh6ZvOmzugqRkFBRrHi%2BcoAUPkOYB2tSTwNyPUVEPVfgJyqWdhuV5lzmE7%2FQRt1LCCs%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUYJTPYP5S%2F20240727%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240727T072503Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=8f1662b4f64d0ee1620c2752d28128edc42a4b9691e0a20fa8e8299d0ef9f881) |
図表4 |
![214470-4.JPG](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/214470-4.JPG?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEA8aDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkYwRAIgFcEP3ifUv3rTCwieOFaxQBTGvD9xwvIiNvaf4QA5vF4CICKNWdgRLzFFbbwlHRbkMecNjjLj2WqG4kOoIX1S1sGYKpkECOj%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEQAhoMNTMyMzMxMDcyMDQxIgxHpEzwBZZ6oWky2AAq7QPG5%2FFSHsra5%2BC5%2FXqG%2BPzRf2IvCXDlcZJ7h72HEw3JGtFJ1d5vYh7wg13GnRqOKi192%2FTYGyVuIE%2FnWAgs3Eih0xecWNz34CrjGjvcuxQ59o8YPjmxr4YUHSQNI1uskw6qQ9dblkQ8J8RqL20Gwf%2BVNyn%2BmwEPq3BT%2BgeTZ95ZpkpKc4esnQX%2BppNa7uGIIuqnXh8H7r6KApUuJmmBGBDXv1SL4gAxALH3Ugnx%2BdWE1Jz5difcrvv6nEkVQHMRKz5HUxK2ZHcfkSxbUe4qW9iw6Q2cUDpuAbT68E01uyb15Af3wMLDuiXPxv0%2F2ywcVbVwDC2fPLz6stL%2B38wlFCBS3pDK47Tsa0JKoFZL3%2FGtT9etwH3JkAdNivg713%2FVjeJV4YRhaCTb%2BDNhS5oupaf24WkIPxMJeB1ccsFXRr9nV%2FjLOABsKScq6rR0shldHKA9xN0MD%2BpvhN24LPkAfAxZI%2BxIfd14%2FVyKqV7SynVsqmraYVRq2GfPeDa1ytcGxcVtMh%2BhyjZEE31j2iflkmkIgWLqcfWFuG87u%2FOp3GqFzCHenIQLdGG0TA81Qo513V1yHEqvZnmOUUnyVmROs9k6iR7hIwqtIs4wwLpFWiGQChnbKYaALvo0Z5LrR6GYCMooClhPscohrQp%2FqlsrMOq7krUGOqcBMEak%2Busp908%2FGwdHoUanws8XnPaMweph2wI3SVF%2B1cxPLqialGD30hr2WEhwaRmVaHceGJOmzgHHh5xL0o3qfc0%2FpZeEEpK5EZun2nkh9ylLAywQFaa9kboiQhtMuwuscLOofJ7%2FiX%2F0RfZee3jLfOk3VQOXeh6ZvOmzugqRkFBRrHi%2BcoAUPkOYB2tSTwNyPUVEPVfgJyqWdhuV5lzmE7%2FQRt1LCCs%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUYJTPYP5S%2F20240727%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240727T072503Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=50f8acdc1e69cc6c494a647d97c3ffc596bcd505067afdb14c84b4dde45ff449) |
図表5 |
![214470-5.jpg](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/214470-5.jpg?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEA8aDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkYwRAIgFcEP3ifUv3rTCwieOFaxQBTGvD9xwvIiNvaf4QA5vF4CICKNWdgRLzFFbbwlHRbkMecNjjLj2WqG4kOoIX1S1sGYKpkECOj%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEQAhoMNTMyMzMxMDcyMDQxIgxHpEzwBZZ6oWky2AAq7QPG5%2FFSHsra5%2BC5%2FXqG%2BPzRf2IvCXDlcZJ7h72HEw3JGtFJ1d5vYh7wg13GnRqOKi192%2FTYGyVuIE%2FnWAgs3Eih0xecWNz34CrjGjvcuxQ59o8YPjmxr4YUHSQNI1uskw6qQ9dblkQ8J8RqL20Gwf%2BVNyn%2BmwEPq3BT%2BgeTZ95ZpkpKc4esnQX%2BppNa7uGIIuqnXh8H7r6KApUuJmmBGBDXv1SL4gAxALH3Ugnx%2BdWE1Jz5difcrvv6nEkVQHMRKz5HUxK2ZHcfkSxbUe4qW9iw6Q2cUDpuAbT68E01uyb15Af3wMLDuiXPxv0%2F2ywcVbVwDC2fPLz6stL%2B38wlFCBS3pDK47Tsa0JKoFZL3%2FGtT9etwH3JkAdNivg713%2FVjeJV4YRhaCTb%2BDNhS5oupaf24WkIPxMJeB1ccsFXRr9nV%2FjLOABsKScq6rR0shldHKA9xN0MD%2BpvhN24LPkAfAxZI%2BxIfd14%2FVyKqV7SynVsqmraYVRq2GfPeDa1ytcGxcVtMh%2BhyjZEE31j2iflkmkIgWLqcfWFuG87u%2FOp3GqFzCHenIQLdGG0TA81Qo513V1yHEqvZnmOUUnyVmROs9k6iR7hIwqtIs4wwLpFWiGQChnbKYaALvo0Z5LrR6GYCMooClhPscohrQp%2FqlsrMOq7krUGOqcBMEak%2Busp908%2FGwdHoUanws8XnPaMweph2wI3SVF%2B1cxPLqialGD30hr2WEhwaRmVaHceGJOmzgHHh5xL0o3qfc0%2FpZeEEpK5EZun2nkh9ylLAywQFaa9kboiQhtMuwuscLOofJ7%2FiX%2F0RfZee3jLfOk3VQOXeh6ZvOmzugqRkFBRrHi%2BcoAUPkOYB2tSTwNyPUVEPVfgJyqWdhuV5lzmE7%2FQRt1LCCs%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUYJTPYP5S%2F20240727%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240727T072503Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=fa564170d7c90537732e244d55fec50edff64530e0bad1c113b2dc686249ffe1) |
カテゴリ |
病害虫
西洋なし
日本なし
品種
防除
|