タイトル |
スイートコーンと葉根菜類との混・輪作技術 |
担当機関 |
東京都農業試験場 |
研究期間 |
1995~1995 |
研究担当者 |
|
発行年度 |
1995 |
背景・ねらい |
国連の「環境と開発に関する委員会」において、「持続可能な開発」が提唱されて以来、農業分野でも環境への負荷が少なく、将来的にも持続性の高い栽培方法(持続型農業)の開発が強く求められるようになってきた。 本試験ではそれらの理念を反映させるとともに、宅地化の進む都市農業の活力を高めるため、収益性の向上と環境保全に配慮した持続的な作付体系の確立をめざした。
|
成果の内容・特徴 |
- 主な作付け概要は次のとおりである。春先に4穴(規格No9415等)の有孔マルチを敷き、マルチ両側の有孔部には1穴おきにスイートコーンを、中央の2列にはホウレンソウを播種し、通路部にはマリーゴールド(アフリカントール等)を播種する。スイートコーン収穫後の株は抜き取らず地上20cm程度の位置で切除する。そして、秋作にはスイートコーンの株と株の間の有穴部にダイコン等を播種するといった一連の作付け様式である(表1)。
- 栽培の特徴としては、1)土壌消毒は行わない。2)一度敷いたマルチフィルムに3種以上の野菜を作付ける。3)混作により虫害(キタネグサレセンチュウ)や雑草(特にマルチ内)の発生を抑制させる。4)スイートコーンやマリーゴールドの茎葉は通路部に有機物の補給としてすき込みを行う。5)5年間行った結果、本作付は、毎年安定した収量が得られ持続性の高いこと等があげられる。
- 栽植様式において、株間はマルチの規格から30cm(葉菜類以外)となるが、通路部はハンマモア等の管理機を利用するうえで80~85cmを必要とする。よって、スイートコーンとダイコンの栽植密度は10a当たり約4300~
4440株となる。
- 施肥は、元肥を主体とし、10a当たり堆肥を2t、緩効性被覆肥料(14-12-14)の100日タイプを100Kg、同270日タイプを50Kgと化成(8-8-8)を100kg施用する。なお、ダイコンの葉色が淡い場合には、追肥としてマルチ中央部に化成を10a当たり窒素成分で3kg程度を施用する。
|
成果の活用面・留意点 |
- スイートコーンの生育を安定させるためには、葉菜類の適期収穫に努める必要がある。
- 本技術は、露地野菜農家に広く適用できるばかりではなく、市民農園等でも応用できる。
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図表1 |
![214899-1.gif](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/214899-1.gif?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjECIaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIgNytPZ%2BNoCfud1u8ZUK2z2ZuRcI3MWaEP60YkyT76hacCIQDYmURK%2FTZG0lMB2K8l7ACMhxfsVD1PmZ0ysoZqtUYkGCqZBAi7%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMe77lSyHpSQt7ZZ6LKu0DBgV5GSCmo8xsj0o%2B8UePKmoZgCD7CAWbbjRjLhoNPy0OlPRk7FMZapWYwdg1s%2Becs8aQYgj4hA2cfIBs2rTTwSP7sYDTkDfee0GmhzX1ldukuDBkYI%2BaIpCOMX%2Bw8yJktO6U%2F%2B8qihbwmPq2KKqJ4A%2FoXcjuafMsW70mX8cR625WRgyLlc%2Ff6O6C%2FADZeFwefCztOJKQw3gJZng2iLesslsGD%2FDvQJs11odPghmdFJdL41ZZ7Ux1OlaMhC1J%2BKSeu2jxvtwBS%2BxzwQ%2Fe%2BP2EUJXUToIhxk2kqzJWswZ%2FF0szK%2BDhQCvmmlqOISiS0iK0RvB%2B3wU1%2B4xr4yyJCXVE1KxiuqOiSk09Sssyh4S5BPYe7eUVdEmnhS55TyXynwOqmBTVbCCQsdGIUQB844S2pbsXiUfOcy0oZ8eqndUlE2iWsyPFufEz7MwXI%2FB%2Bxfgn3gceJx8FhfYL5TQpTtg4wLsHGAIRWlexuoVhyBVoQgEMGTnW4vOj3geMyWii7od1qD1phlBeBePEW8lZpwk5wfUnZ06J0RG30GqHLbCXr75h45dAO63B4jHCHYlwDzaJI0cZpyEQ8cbXzMnxQvoK%2FIMA9PzBzp5EoQme1YZnFpPKjrC9sQfxsJGzkucuV8kZzGUWJWrj2XRrKT78wjCpyLWzBjqmAbkRb0fIn%2B1WUWfdTaKJNrAgiSX01CJ4mcQtetgQ%2BbuzIFN6w1O4rbkBYxdNn12TwhaBYGGGVM7jODrqAJok8hHiO9VEE%2Fpl8aAvtUfdr4dGkXSDxtXQh2MLFkr%2BRwMpXZ4MyJQk1vMHvYHwXrhuBXxlX%2FFfEaLoUDFryA0DTY%2Bo%2FisZ34dvlFSK2Tyup3YuxNzIQpItH6hDR0iIwem%2BVqmjLlrRy5Y%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIU67GVMIA7%2F20240615%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T095353Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=9ad17de24eedeb363fb0813f44d9f89ad43921778d2b0b3e5b0449603116e7fa) |
図表2 |
![214899-2.gif](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/214899-2.gif?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjECIaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIgNytPZ%2BNoCfud1u8ZUK2z2ZuRcI3MWaEP60YkyT76hacCIQDYmURK%2FTZG0lMB2K8l7ACMhxfsVD1PmZ0ysoZqtUYkGCqZBAi7%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMe77lSyHpSQt7ZZ6LKu0DBgV5GSCmo8xsj0o%2B8UePKmoZgCD7CAWbbjRjLhoNPy0OlPRk7FMZapWYwdg1s%2Becs8aQYgj4hA2cfIBs2rTTwSP7sYDTkDfee0GmhzX1ldukuDBkYI%2BaIpCOMX%2Bw8yJktO6U%2F%2B8qihbwmPq2KKqJ4A%2FoXcjuafMsW70mX8cR625WRgyLlc%2Ff6O6C%2FADZeFwefCztOJKQw3gJZng2iLesslsGD%2FDvQJs11odPghmdFJdL41ZZ7Ux1OlaMhC1J%2BKSeu2jxvtwBS%2BxzwQ%2Fe%2BP2EUJXUToIhxk2kqzJWswZ%2FF0szK%2BDhQCvmmlqOISiS0iK0RvB%2B3wU1%2B4xr4yyJCXVE1KxiuqOiSk09Sssyh4S5BPYe7eUVdEmnhS55TyXynwOqmBTVbCCQsdGIUQB844S2pbsXiUfOcy0oZ8eqndUlE2iWsyPFufEz7MwXI%2FB%2Bxfgn3gceJx8FhfYL5TQpTtg4wLsHGAIRWlexuoVhyBVoQgEMGTnW4vOj3geMyWii7od1qD1phlBeBePEW8lZpwk5wfUnZ06J0RG30GqHLbCXr75h45dAO63B4jHCHYlwDzaJI0cZpyEQ8cbXzMnxQvoK%2FIMA9PzBzp5EoQme1YZnFpPKjrC9sQfxsJGzkucuV8kZzGUWJWrj2XRrKT78wjCpyLWzBjqmAbkRb0fIn%2B1WUWfdTaKJNrAgiSX01CJ4mcQtetgQ%2BbuzIFN6w1O4rbkBYxdNn12TwhaBYGGGVM7jODrqAJok8hHiO9VEE%2Fpl8aAvtUfdr4dGkXSDxtXQh2MLFkr%2BRwMpXZ4MyJQk1vMHvYHwXrhuBXxlX%2FFfEaLoUDFryA0DTY%2Bo%2FisZ34dvlFSK2Tyup3YuxNzIQpItH6hDR0iIwem%2BVqmjLlrRy5Y%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIU67GVMIA7%2F20240615%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T095353Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=62850ef9fb6b03848ca4f0d4344af58e15b3d1e50c7424ebd544d3ba142b628c) |
図表3 |
![214899-3.gif](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/214899-3.gif?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjECIaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIgNytPZ%2BNoCfud1u8ZUK2z2ZuRcI3MWaEP60YkyT76hacCIQDYmURK%2FTZG0lMB2K8l7ACMhxfsVD1PmZ0ysoZqtUYkGCqZBAi7%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMe77lSyHpSQt7ZZ6LKu0DBgV5GSCmo8xsj0o%2B8UePKmoZgCD7CAWbbjRjLhoNPy0OlPRk7FMZapWYwdg1s%2Becs8aQYgj4hA2cfIBs2rTTwSP7sYDTkDfee0GmhzX1ldukuDBkYI%2BaIpCOMX%2Bw8yJktO6U%2F%2B8qihbwmPq2KKqJ4A%2FoXcjuafMsW70mX8cR625WRgyLlc%2Ff6O6C%2FADZeFwefCztOJKQw3gJZng2iLesslsGD%2FDvQJs11odPghmdFJdL41ZZ7Ux1OlaMhC1J%2BKSeu2jxvtwBS%2BxzwQ%2Fe%2BP2EUJXUToIhxk2kqzJWswZ%2FF0szK%2BDhQCvmmlqOISiS0iK0RvB%2B3wU1%2B4xr4yyJCXVE1KxiuqOiSk09Sssyh4S5BPYe7eUVdEmnhS55TyXynwOqmBTVbCCQsdGIUQB844S2pbsXiUfOcy0oZ8eqndUlE2iWsyPFufEz7MwXI%2FB%2Bxfgn3gceJx8FhfYL5TQpTtg4wLsHGAIRWlexuoVhyBVoQgEMGTnW4vOj3geMyWii7od1qD1phlBeBePEW8lZpwk5wfUnZ06J0RG30GqHLbCXr75h45dAO63B4jHCHYlwDzaJI0cZpyEQ8cbXzMnxQvoK%2FIMA9PzBzp5EoQme1YZnFpPKjrC9sQfxsJGzkucuV8kZzGUWJWrj2XRrKT78wjCpyLWzBjqmAbkRb0fIn%2B1WUWfdTaKJNrAgiSX01CJ4mcQtetgQ%2BbuzIFN6w1O4rbkBYxdNn12TwhaBYGGGVM7jODrqAJok8hHiO9VEE%2Fpl8aAvtUfdr4dGkXSDxtXQh2MLFkr%2BRwMpXZ4MyJQk1vMHvYHwXrhuBXxlX%2FFfEaLoUDFryA0DTY%2Bo%2FisZ34dvlFSK2Tyup3YuxNzIQpItH6hDR0iIwem%2BVqmjLlrRy5Y%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIU67GVMIA7%2F20240615%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T095353Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=ffc741817753884eb81b976705d76b81abd2ea84db690dd87aa2a47a2f6de778) |
図表4 |
![214899-4.gif](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/214899-4.gif?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjECIaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIgNytPZ%2BNoCfud1u8ZUK2z2ZuRcI3MWaEP60YkyT76hacCIQDYmURK%2FTZG0lMB2K8l7ACMhxfsVD1PmZ0ysoZqtUYkGCqZBAi7%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMe77lSyHpSQt7ZZ6LKu0DBgV5GSCmo8xsj0o%2B8UePKmoZgCD7CAWbbjRjLhoNPy0OlPRk7FMZapWYwdg1s%2Becs8aQYgj4hA2cfIBs2rTTwSP7sYDTkDfee0GmhzX1ldukuDBkYI%2BaIpCOMX%2Bw8yJktO6U%2F%2B8qihbwmPq2KKqJ4A%2FoXcjuafMsW70mX8cR625WRgyLlc%2Ff6O6C%2FADZeFwefCztOJKQw3gJZng2iLesslsGD%2FDvQJs11odPghmdFJdL41ZZ7Ux1OlaMhC1J%2BKSeu2jxvtwBS%2BxzwQ%2Fe%2BP2EUJXUToIhxk2kqzJWswZ%2FF0szK%2BDhQCvmmlqOISiS0iK0RvB%2B3wU1%2B4xr4yyJCXVE1KxiuqOiSk09Sssyh4S5BPYe7eUVdEmnhS55TyXynwOqmBTVbCCQsdGIUQB844S2pbsXiUfOcy0oZ8eqndUlE2iWsyPFufEz7MwXI%2FB%2Bxfgn3gceJx8FhfYL5TQpTtg4wLsHGAIRWlexuoVhyBVoQgEMGTnW4vOj3geMyWii7od1qD1phlBeBePEW8lZpwk5wfUnZ06J0RG30GqHLbCXr75h45dAO63B4jHCHYlwDzaJI0cZpyEQ8cbXzMnxQvoK%2FIMA9PzBzp5EoQme1YZnFpPKjrC9sQfxsJGzkucuV8kZzGUWJWrj2XRrKT78wjCpyLWzBjqmAbkRb0fIn%2B1WUWfdTaKJNrAgiSX01CJ4mcQtetgQ%2BbuzIFN6w1O4rbkBYxdNn12TwhaBYGGGVM7jODrqAJok8hHiO9VEE%2Fpl8aAvtUfdr4dGkXSDxtXQh2MLFkr%2BRwMpXZ4MyJQk1vMHvYHwXrhuBXxlX%2FFfEaLoUDFryA0DTY%2Bo%2FisZ34dvlFSK2Tyup3YuxNzIQpItH6hDR0iIwem%2BVqmjLlrRy5Y%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIU67GVMIA7%2F20240615%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T095353Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=c8cd61143e0e874d9da9f06bd3f6d0c2f93ba7b9859663fda01b382fae74f290) |
図表5 |
![214899-5.gif](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/214899-5.gif?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjECIaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIgNytPZ%2BNoCfud1u8ZUK2z2ZuRcI3MWaEP60YkyT76hacCIQDYmURK%2FTZG0lMB2K8l7ACMhxfsVD1PmZ0ysoZqtUYkGCqZBAi7%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMe77lSyHpSQt7ZZ6LKu0DBgV5GSCmo8xsj0o%2B8UePKmoZgCD7CAWbbjRjLhoNPy0OlPRk7FMZapWYwdg1s%2Becs8aQYgj4hA2cfIBs2rTTwSP7sYDTkDfee0GmhzX1ldukuDBkYI%2BaIpCOMX%2Bw8yJktO6U%2F%2B8qihbwmPq2KKqJ4A%2FoXcjuafMsW70mX8cR625WRgyLlc%2Ff6O6C%2FADZeFwefCztOJKQw3gJZng2iLesslsGD%2FDvQJs11odPghmdFJdL41ZZ7Ux1OlaMhC1J%2BKSeu2jxvtwBS%2BxzwQ%2Fe%2BP2EUJXUToIhxk2kqzJWswZ%2FF0szK%2BDhQCvmmlqOISiS0iK0RvB%2B3wU1%2B4xr4yyJCXVE1KxiuqOiSk09Sssyh4S5BPYe7eUVdEmnhS55TyXynwOqmBTVbCCQsdGIUQB844S2pbsXiUfOcy0oZ8eqndUlE2iWsyPFufEz7MwXI%2FB%2Bxfgn3gceJx8FhfYL5TQpTtg4wLsHGAIRWlexuoVhyBVoQgEMGTnW4vOj3geMyWii7od1qD1phlBeBePEW8lZpwk5wfUnZ06J0RG30GqHLbCXr75h45dAO63B4jHCHYlwDzaJI0cZpyEQ8cbXzMnxQvoK%2FIMA9PzBzp5EoQme1YZnFpPKjrC9sQfxsJGzkucuV8kZzGUWJWrj2XRrKT78wjCpyLWzBjqmAbkRb0fIn%2B1WUWfdTaKJNrAgiSX01CJ4mcQtetgQ%2BbuzIFN6w1O4rbkBYxdNn12TwhaBYGGGVM7jODrqAJok8hHiO9VEE%2Fpl8aAvtUfdr4dGkXSDxtXQh2MLFkr%2BRwMpXZ4MyJQk1vMHvYHwXrhuBXxlX%2FFfEaLoUDFryA0DTY%2Bo%2FisZ34dvlFSK2Tyup3YuxNzIQpItH6hDR0iIwem%2BVqmjLlrRy5Y%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIU67GVMIA7%2F20240615%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T095353Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=1784bd21a1bc20de033e313b4105fbbad909adbb86d277b99bb8884b45a23409) |
図表6 |
![214899-6.gif](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/214899-6.gif?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjECIaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIgNytPZ%2BNoCfud1u8ZUK2z2ZuRcI3MWaEP60YkyT76hacCIQDYmURK%2FTZG0lMB2K8l7ACMhxfsVD1PmZ0ysoZqtUYkGCqZBAi7%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMe77lSyHpSQt7ZZ6LKu0DBgV5GSCmo8xsj0o%2B8UePKmoZgCD7CAWbbjRjLhoNPy0OlPRk7FMZapWYwdg1s%2Becs8aQYgj4hA2cfIBs2rTTwSP7sYDTkDfee0GmhzX1ldukuDBkYI%2BaIpCOMX%2Bw8yJktO6U%2F%2B8qihbwmPq2KKqJ4A%2FoXcjuafMsW70mX8cR625WRgyLlc%2Ff6O6C%2FADZeFwefCztOJKQw3gJZng2iLesslsGD%2FDvQJs11odPghmdFJdL41ZZ7Ux1OlaMhC1J%2BKSeu2jxvtwBS%2BxzwQ%2Fe%2BP2EUJXUToIhxk2kqzJWswZ%2FF0szK%2BDhQCvmmlqOISiS0iK0RvB%2B3wU1%2B4xr4yyJCXVE1KxiuqOiSk09Sssyh4S5BPYe7eUVdEmnhS55TyXynwOqmBTVbCCQsdGIUQB844S2pbsXiUfOcy0oZ8eqndUlE2iWsyPFufEz7MwXI%2FB%2Bxfgn3gceJx8FhfYL5TQpTtg4wLsHGAIRWlexuoVhyBVoQgEMGTnW4vOj3geMyWii7od1qD1phlBeBePEW8lZpwk5wfUnZ06J0RG30GqHLbCXr75h45dAO63B4jHCHYlwDzaJI0cZpyEQ8cbXzMnxQvoK%2FIMA9PzBzp5EoQme1YZnFpPKjrC9sQfxsJGzkucuV8kZzGUWJWrj2XRrKT78wjCpyLWzBjqmAbkRb0fIn%2B1WUWfdTaKJNrAgiSX01CJ4mcQtetgQ%2BbuzIFN6w1O4rbkBYxdNn12TwhaBYGGGVM7jODrqAJok8hHiO9VEE%2Fpl8aAvtUfdr4dGkXSDxtXQh2MLFkr%2BRwMpXZ4MyJQk1vMHvYHwXrhuBXxlX%2FFfEaLoUDFryA0DTY%2Bo%2FisZ34dvlFSK2Tyup3YuxNzIQpItH6hDR0iIwem%2BVqmjLlrRy5Y%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIU67GVMIA7%2F20240615%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T095353Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=6cae9c6a856d64d8fdb606ac0b8a8054778c359cd3555594924f3e6a439e413d) |
カテゴリ |
肥料
病害虫
雑草
施肥
だいこん
土壌消毒
播種
ほうれんそう
マリーゴールド
輪作
|