タイトル |
大豆青立ちの発生要因 |
担当機関 |
佐賀農試セ |
研究期間 |
2002~2005 |
研究担当者 |
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発行年度 |
2005 |
要約 |
近年、水田作大豆で発生する青立ちの発生要因は、登熟期間の高温や土壌水分ストレスによる着莢の減少である。青立ちと着莢は負の相関があり、1節莢数が1以下となると青立ちが発生しやすい。登熟期の高温、乾燥や乾燥後の灌水で発生しやすい。
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キーワード |
ダイズ、青立ち、着莢、1節莢数、高温、乾燥、灌水
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背景・ねらい |
九州北部の水田作大豆で、成熟が遅れ落葉せず茎に緑色が残る青立ちが発生し、汚粒の発生や収穫前の株除去や別扱いなど、品質低下やコスト増になっている。青立ちはカメムシ類の加害によっても発生するが、近年、平坦部などに発生している青立ちはカメムシ類の加害でないものも多く、その要因は不明である。そこで、その発生要因を解明し防止技術開発の資料とする。
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成果の内容・特徴 |
- 平坦部の現地ほ場で発生した青立ち株は、落葉せず茎の色が緑で、主茎、特に上位3節までの着莢は少ない(表1)が、カメムシ類による変形粒は見られず整粒重などは健全株と変わらない。青立ちの発生状況は、ほ場の一部や全面などある程度広い範囲に発生する。
- 青立ち発生の要因は着莢の減少によるシンク・ソースのアンバランスであり、若莢期に莢を除去すると、摘莢50%以上で青立ちが発生し、莢と同時に葉も除去すると青立ちの発生が少なくなる(データ略)。青立ちの発生程度は1節莢数と負の相関があり、1節莢数が1以下となると青立ちが発生しやすい(図1)。
- 登熟期間の気温を人工気象室で高温にすると、高夜温(摂氏30度)で青立ちの発生が多く、高昼温(摂氏40度)では青立ちの発生はやや少ない(図2)。青立ちの多い高夜温では、開花が早い主茎低次位花房の着莢割合が低くなり(図3)、成熟が遅れ青立ちとなる。
- 登熟期間の土壌水分ストレスでも青立ちが発生し、ライシメータで土壌水分を調節すると、乾燥(TDR10%以下、昼間、葉身が垂れる程度)や乾燥後の灌水による湿潤(地下水位30cm、TDR20%以上)で青立ちが発生する(図4)。
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成果の活用面・留意点 |
- 青立ち防止技術開発のための基礎知見として活用する。
- カメムシ類の加害による青立ちは、粒には吸汁による変色や変形などが見られるなどで、本情報の青立ちと区別しやすい。
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図表1 |
![222925-1.jpg](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/222925-1.jpg?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBgaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIgMzRSH0iGfSGnutewqZO%2FEzLh4BhX2uru11igCB9KaMQCIQDOMDhffQ8tYUKoQYQh6d5%2FW7N5My31U4dPxWPXL5ucsCqZBAix%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMp6QM2Y7YnXcdWHSBKu0DbrYHrmsB55gOyStwo2UQpzlZaYi2JexpF0NT5NCCjt%2BRsUVXrxyNhJTjrrAwLrS96pp1xV22U4xXhnk09HLSKCFx8Yi0LZYJPdK7Wu8XC9BJk6Jd2A%2BaOslR%2B9WQ3EvelCtJqSOVBHF37ADRM9mJOZj3nYf5q0W1AiggBKLiW%2FGzPUxyfjPJxX5MfRebJiGcAWHBzOdnSgrzw58AZCR5VOlVyV4qGnXZFr3yQCLtLBux8lnAocGNHhd3HWVhRg7b%2FV4ZZ0J0phWzyHSkGKxlq3s3HbNwJjvPMzllvwjecwC451HROfmQySpZFUPIUbl8E1KFv%2BKGBM872j3w0%2BGhi%2FUjLesaa2movfDBm0FEzdTvEGkbtnQSHUdYo5Q1kAXVFSi%2BZ3poEtnqKeJmflquBBiN9XMOmEDWu8mDouki6pL5sIzQW%2Bdl0KFMPyY3JTdCVK9kmMdxofEDosuEtlsFW6Ys00u71avZFUZhZPyQ7n0xGO3B971aa4ziT8KlfTxVp6n52EvF59tfN26Qs3tyX27KXh5xBxy3mNv9rjNTUEEFDMI7zFlhi9BJnDwe60R59eygVGa5fBMupyGwO6yzZubs%2F3xuhLu3rgyLWPti3TVfXMeE%2BNqA7ioaGHjPLv0k%2BG1uSz99SnrNMlLhGTC8trOzBjqmARDyBKm88YZVjDrjg6FiUweYb0szXxwHLO%2BxQ%2BmJWLpfVHen01BuuL%2FoQynA4EktSMfGYhH%2BRouBq4P4GTSVU9z3UledLnlXoij48GoKeCKhD43%2BhcTufay9aMIVM0tByCOTomFMFlptZl8AM2dYlKmdyYbliuWuAKomE3VmQtV1ADvKuTHe1UTcbsm4iErp3S%2FcrpzZNCSCwwQ6epsBNh3nLiHN53U%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUQSWYFZVH%2F20240615%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T001905Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=865d9bb3cc52c43e7f0288085eff42c19d2971baa0f1213fc56ad70c77215311) |
図表2 |
![222925-2.jpg](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/222925-2.jpg?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBgaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIgMzRSH0iGfSGnutewqZO%2FEzLh4BhX2uru11igCB9KaMQCIQDOMDhffQ8tYUKoQYQh6d5%2FW7N5My31U4dPxWPXL5ucsCqZBAix%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMp6QM2Y7YnXcdWHSBKu0DbrYHrmsB55gOyStwo2UQpzlZaYi2JexpF0NT5NCCjt%2BRsUVXrxyNhJTjrrAwLrS96pp1xV22U4xXhnk09HLSKCFx8Yi0LZYJPdK7Wu8XC9BJk6Jd2A%2BaOslR%2B9WQ3EvelCtJqSOVBHF37ADRM9mJOZj3nYf5q0W1AiggBKLiW%2FGzPUxyfjPJxX5MfRebJiGcAWHBzOdnSgrzw58AZCR5VOlVyV4qGnXZFr3yQCLtLBux8lnAocGNHhd3HWVhRg7b%2FV4ZZ0J0phWzyHSkGKxlq3s3HbNwJjvPMzllvwjecwC451HROfmQySpZFUPIUbl8E1KFv%2BKGBM872j3w0%2BGhi%2FUjLesaa2movfDBm0FEzdTvEGkbtnQSHUdYo5Q1kAXVFSi%2BZ3poEtnqKeJmflquBBiN9XMOmEDWu8mDouki6pL5sIzQW%2Bdl0KFMPyY3JTdCVK9kmMdxofEDosuEtlsFW6Ys00u71avZFUZhZPyQ7n0xGO3B971aa4ziT8KlfTxVp6n52EvF59tfN26Qs3tyX27KXh5xBxy3mNv9rjNTUEEFDMI7zFlhi9BJnDwe60R59eygVGa5fBMupyGwO6yzZubs%2F3xuhLu3rgyLWPti3TVfXMeE%2BNqA7ioaGHjPLv0k%2BG1uSz99SnrNMlLhGTC8trOzBjqmARDyBKm88YZVjDrjg6FiUweYb0szXxwHLO%2BxQ%2BmJWLpfVHen01BuuL%2FoQynA4EktSMfGYhH%2BRouBq4P4GTSVU9z3UledLnlXoij48GoKeCKhD43%2BhcTufay9aMIVM0tByCOTomFMFlptZl8AM2dYlKmdyYbliuWuAKomE3VmQtV1ADvKuTHe1UTcbsm4iErp3S%2FcrpzZNCSCwwQ6epsBNh3nLiHN53U%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUQSWYFZVH%2F20240615%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T001905Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=3d3ba7d8976e37dc6bb4b36a3c3c0d9e6b3d7661f76b90293fb9b7e679b59238) |
図表3 |
![222925-3.jpg](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/222925-3.jpg?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBgaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIgMzRSH0iGfSGnutewqZO%2FEzLh4BhX2uru11igCB9KaMQCIQDOMDhffQ8tYUKoQYQh6d5%2FW7N5My31U4dPxWPXL5ucsCqZBAix%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMp6QM2Y7YnXcdWHSBKu0DbrYHrmsB55gOyStwo2UQpzlZaYi2JexpF0NT5NCCjt%2BRsUVXrxyNhJTjrrAwLrS96pp1xV22U4xXhnk09HLSKCFx8Yi0LZYJPdK7Wu8XC9BJk6Jd2A%2BaOslR%2B9WQ3EvelCtJqSOVBHF37ADRM9mJOZj3nYf5q0W1AiggBKLiW%2FGzPUxyfjPJxX5MfRebJiGcAWHBzOdnSgrzw58AZCR5VOlVyV4qGnXZFr3yQCLtLBux8lnAocGNHhd3HWVhRg7b%2FV4ZZ0J0phWzyHSkGKxlq3s3HbNwJjvPMzllvwjecwC451HROfmQySpZFUPIUbl8E1KFv%2BKGBM872j3w0%2BGhi%2FUjLesaa2movfDBm0FEzdTvEGkbtnQSHUdYo5Q1kAXVFSi%2BZ3poEtnqKeJmflquBBiN9XMOmEDWu8mDouki6pL5sIzQW%2Bdl0KFMPyY3JTdCVK9kmMdxofEDosuEtlsFW6Ys00u71avZFUZhZPyQ7n0xGO3B971aa4ziT8KlfTxVp6n52EvF59tfN26Qs3tyX27KXh5xBxy3mNv9rjNTUEEFDMI7zFlhi9BJnDwe60R59eygVGa5fBMupyGwO6yzZubs%2F3xuhLu3rgyLWPti3TVfXMeE%2BNqA7ioaGHjPLv0k%2BG1uSz99SnrNMlLhGTC8trOzBjqmARDyBKm88YZVjDrjg6FiUweYb0szXxwHLO%2BxQ%2BmJWLpfVHen01BuuL%2FoQynA4EktSMfGYhH%2BRouBq4P4GTSVU9z3UledLnlXoij48GoKeCKhD43%2BhcTufay9aMIVM0tByCOTomFMFlptZl8AM2dYlKmdyYbliuWuAKomE3VmQtV1ADvKuTHe1UTcbsm4iErp3S%2FcrpzZNCSCwwQ6epsBNh3nLiHN53U%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUQSWYFZVH%2F20240615%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T001905Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=21f192b9010e65b0da14f4ad00e94ccfda64cf478f613e279c329076ede66ffa) |
図表4 |
![222925-4.jpg](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/222925-4.jpg?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBgaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIgMzRSH0iGfSGnutewqZO%2FEzLh4BhX2uru11igCB9KaMQCIQDOMDhffQ8tYUKoQYQh6d5%2FW7N5My31U4dPxWPXL5ucsCqZBAix%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMp6QM2Y7YnXcdWHSBKu0DbrYHrmsB55gOyStwo2UQpzlZaYi2JexpF0NT5NCCjt%2BRsUVXrxyNhJTjrrAwLrS96pp1xV22U4xXhnk09HLSKCFx8Yi0LZYJPdK7Wu8XC9BJk6Jd2A%2BaOslR%2B9WQ3EvelCtJqSOVBHF37ADRM9mJOZj3nYf5q0W1AiggBKLiW%2FGzPUxyfjPJxX5MfRebJiGcAWHBzOdnSgrzw58AZCR5VOlVyV4qGnXZFr3yQCLtLBux8lnAocGNHhd3HWVhRg7b%2FV4ZZ0J0phWzyHSkGKxlq3s3HbNwJjvPMzllvwjecwC451HROfmQySpZFUPIUbl8E1KFv%2BKGBM872j3w0%2BGhi%2FUjLesaa2movfDBm0FEzdTvEGkbtnQSHUdYo5Q1kAXVFSi%2BZ3poEtnqKeJmflquBBiN9XMOmEDWu8mDouki6pL5sIzQW%2Bdl0KFMPyY3JTdCVK9kmMdxofEDosuEtlsFW6Ys00u71avZFUZhZPyQ7n0xGO3B971aa4ziT8KlfTxVp6n52EvF59tfN26Qs3tyX27KXh5xBxy3mNv9rjNTUEEFDMI7zFlhi9BJnDwe60R59eygVGa5fBMupyGwO6yzZubs%2F3xuhLu3rgyLWPti3TVfXMeE%2BNqA7ioaGHjPLv0k%2BG1uSz99SnrNMlLhGTC8trOzBjqmARDyBKm88YZVjDrjg6FiUweYb0szXxwHLO%2BxQ%2BmJWLpfVHen01BuuL%2FoQynA4EktSMfGYhH%2BRouBq4P4GTSVU9z3UledLnlXoij48GoKeCKhD43%2BhcTufay9aMIVM0tByCOTomFMFlptZl8AM2dYlKmdyYbliuWuAKomE3VmQtV1ADvKuTHe1UTcbsm4iErp3S%2FcrpzZNCSCwwQ6epsBNh3nLiHN53U%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUQSWYFZVH%2F20240615%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T001905Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=34d611e3f03d94c69df5ee3a6d7fc6b88a88404a2d5bcb410c075f986a8960f0) |
図表5 |
![222925-5.jpg](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/222925-5.jpg?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBgaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIgMzRSH0iGfSGnutewqZO%2FEzLh4BhX2uru11igCB9KaMQCIQDOMDhffQ8tYUKoQYQh6d5%2FW7N5My31U4dPxWPXL5ucsCqZBAix%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMp6QM2Y7YnXcdWHSBKu0DbrYHrmsB55gOyStwo2UQpzlZaYi2JexpF0NT5NCCjt%2BRsUVXrxyNhJTjrrAwLrS96pp1xV22U4xXhnk09HLSKCFx8Yi0LZYJPdK7Wu8XC9BJk6Jd2A%2BaOslR%2B9WQ3EvelCtJqSOVBHF37ADRM9mJOZj3nYf5q0W1AiggBKLiW%2FGzPUxyfjPJxX5MfRebJiGcAWHBzOdnSgrzw58AZCR5VOlVyV4qGnXZFr3yQCLtLBux8lnAocGNHhd3HWVhRg7b%2FV4ZZ0J0phWzyHSkGKxlq3s3HbNwJjvPMzllvwjecwC451HROfmQySpZFUPIUbl8E1KFv%2BKGBM872j3w0%2BGhi%2FUjLesaa2movfDBm0FEzdTvEGkbtnQSHUdYo5Q1kAXVFSi%2BZ3poEtnqKeJmflquBBiN9XMOmEDWu8mDouki6pL5sIzQW%2Bdl0KFMPyY3JTdCVK9kmMdxofEDosuEtlsFW6Ys00u71avZFUZhZPyQ7n0xGO3B971aa4ziT8KlfTxVp6n52EvF59tfN26Qs3tyX27KXh5xBxy3mNv9rjNTUEEFDMI7zFlhi9BJnDwe60R59eygVGa5fBMupyGwO6yzZubs%2F3xuhLu3rgyLWPti3TVfXMeE%2BNqA7ioaGHjPLv0k%2BG1uSz99SnrNMlLhGTC8trOzBjqmARDyBKm88YZVjDrjg6FiUweYb0szXxwHLO%2BxQ%2BmJWLpfVHen01BuuL%2FoQynA4EktSMfGYhH%2BRouBq4P4GTSVU9z3UledLnlXoij48GoKeCKhD43%2BhcTufay9aMIVM0tByCOTomFMFlptZl8AM2dYlKmdyYbliuWuAKomE3VmQtV1ADvKuTHe1UTcbsm4iErp3S%2FcrpzZNCSCwwQ6epsBNh3nLiHN53U%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUQSWYFZVH%2F20240615%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T001905Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=f8f931adbcae4f460dab48ce611debbbc202e79e9608ea73addecf7e3446f27b) |
カテゴリ |
カメムシ
乾燥
コスト
水田
大豆
|