タイトル |
イネ科多年生植物主体の畦畔における抑草剤による省力的管理法 |
担当機関 |
東北農業試験場 |
研究期間 |
1993~1996 |
研究担当者 |
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発行年度 |
1996 |
要約 |
水田畦畔において、茎葉刈り取り後の再伸長株にビスピリバック液剤を散布することにより、畦畔の草丈を2~3か月間抑制できる。この方法はハルガヤ、チガヤ、ノシバ等のイネ科多年生植物が優占する畦畔に活用できる。また、畦畔造成時にノシバを張った場合の管理にも有効である。イネに対しては影響がほとんどなく、飛散によるイネへの薬害はない。
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背景・ねらい |
圃場に傾斜のある地域の大区画水田では、畦畔が通常のものより急傾斜で幅広い畦畔となる。しかしながらそうした畦畔では、稲作の担い手の高齢化が進んでいる近年の状況では草刈りによる管理が困難であり、省力的管理法の早急な開発が必要とされている。砂壌土やクロボク土の畦畔は裸地化すると崩れるため、それらの畦畔に茎葉処理型の除草剤で畦畔雑草を完全に枯らす方法は適用できない。また、除草剤が水稲に飛散した場合の薬害も無視できない。そこで、水稲に飛散しても害のない水稲用除草剤を用いて畦畔雑草を抑草する省力的な畦畔管理法を開発する。
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成果の内容・特徴 |
- ハルガヤを主体とする畦畔では、水稲移植前に草刈りをし、10~14日後に再伸長してきたものにビスピリバック(Na塩3%)液剤を(30~50ml/aを10 l/aの水に溶解)散布すれば、その時点における一年生広葉雑草を枯殺し、イタドリ、ヨモギおよび多年生イネ科雑草の草丈を2~3か月抑草する(表1)。この処理では畦畔が裸地化しないため、畦畔の崩壊はみられない。
- 上記の方法はチガヤやノシバの優占する畦畔でも抑草効果が高く、MCPP液剤や土壌処理剤を同時処理することによってさらに多年生広葉雑草の枯殺効果や草丈の高い一年生雑草の侵入防止効果が高まる(表2)。
- 畦畔造成直後に張ったノシバは、本剤によって黄化して生育が一時停止する。しかし枯死することはなく、畦畔面積の30%しかノシバを張らなかった場合でも、本剤を2回散布することにより草丈の低いノシバの純群落が形成される(写真1)。
- 本剤散布時の飛散による薬害は移植直後の水稲に多少みられるが、回復が早く実用的には問題が見られない(表3)。活着後の水稲にはほとんど影響がみられない。
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成果の活用面・留意点 |
- ビスピリバック液剤は一部の牧草やカラスムギなどの雑草、ヨシやススキなどの大型イネ科植物には草丈抑制効果が劣るので、これらの植物が生育している畦畔では有効でない。
- シロクローバーなど広葉が優占する畦畔群落では裸地化する恐れがあるので、そうした植生でかつ崩れやすい土壌では使用できない。
- トウモロコシ、大豆には強い薬害があり、飛散すると影響がでるため、これらの作物が栽培されている転作畑の畦畔では使用できない。
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図表1 |
![224022-1.gif](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/224022-1.gif?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBAaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkgwRgIhAICZxae%2BOqowZB7OVtGVpQ4DtkTLwIBCRJPbKwvMJaDPAiEA1a1mtdi%2F62EOgrEpT5HIj6ObZimhH2jjw0WvKAxJDAwqmQQIqf%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARACGgw1MzIzMzEwNzIwNDEiDEklg50dH%2BKcHdE7firtA0qSB%2FFCLQjyXEyOrrz3aFg2zSTaccZcXEyZKgdHr9d9pkqHd7eyoueDZWZBrKzaKG1ckDzYxWye8aGXXRo1KGaEv0u4CaqSWhMR39JRUSbyWjov1V7PNK15f7k8%2BK%2FL601k31WKYlZuBYgx%2Fz0hJPnai1pIpB5z%2FapyN%2BiuvX%2BL%2BPG6JaRzP91x%2Be%2F9r41lJiCYZhxBo7%2FmaNEc2jsBYhGQNDsYOL7EN0udgYtrfHlxBK3zr1fQhK7IxV2kJ5EpzCzdhSsdT8kGESV5Fr90s6bn8zsSt0mw8toWTuq%2FrxA49tRlzsCcPW2Kvs%2F269UyT7S5fQvYa%2BvXTJLzzVezDURACG1DbnRA1wwTqn1COvU2CXAhGbMI0UmU4Oo9hMKsnuHq%2BGTeQRru9jjPLLjQtT6gpe5MdLrtZHfCSdD%2BMqo45BPU015AAPXjNT3wI4MM2et8PEZYsaCOR%2F59VXU1eUoDRr73NWZ7v6LBgjdUUvC%2BMNOe%2FE7WwYIHyc23pns%2BMC3VZhhYJZ%2FCkVdJq4z1ZKif01TcIMeGUrQJHmvF918Dw2O9Bv%2FWq45L4U1Wg9HxO62mWX5ZGAkS9H6c8aLwHwKkLNe3tCyNp3FuQnYBj1a5p7SJUm8V9HM76kfoNde%2FPpD%2BTrY3VU7zRNXxn0ww3sqxswY6pQFCqYtEbs1XimVhnje07nTk2o4HYQ%2BPA0Lv4%2F4cYGL9diVQ8WqvTYnZvX7AAHTu%2BY3z%2BEhU8%2FzrswAke5cSa1Klj4q3BCPZgV2HM%2BHkiKpI%2F1c5nTeOK5rXjP%2BWAVzpamAZSljVd%2Bjw8OjIh2CcbN8k8F6NjZ1LGCCV9Qbju%2BQxHRXXm5Y4i4d%2BKUQ32r5j35r%2Fe1VhaGkHfkrEk9ddQaJ9oxKw0XQ%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUTXSXE6CU%2F20240614%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240614T155127Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=0bdda881fbcbbaa094d8bdae013c98dbd465df5ff0e5f747b98066988a4cdaa9) |
図表2 |
![224022-2.gif](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/224022-2.gif?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBAaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkgwRgIhAICZxae%2BOqowZB7OVtGVpQ4DtkTLwIBCRJPbKwvMJaDPAiEA1a1mtdi%2F62EOgrEpT5HIj6ObZimhH2jjw0WvKAxJDAwqmQQIqf%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARACGgw1MzIzMzEwNzIwNDEiDEklg50dH%2BKcHdE7firtA0qSB%2FFCLQjyXEyOrrz3aFg2zSTaccZcXEyZKgdHr9d9pkqHd7eyoueDZWZBrKzaKG1ckDzYxWye8aGXXRo1KGaEv0u4CaqSWhMR39JRUSbyWjov1V7PNK15f7k8%2BK%2FL601k31WKYlZuBYgx%2Fz0hJPnai1pIpB5z%2FapyN%2BiuvX%2BL%2BPG6JaRzP91x%2Be%2F9r41lJiCYZhxBo7%2FmaNEc2jsBYhGQNDsYOL7EN0udgYtrfHlxBK3zr1fQhK7IxV2kJ5EpzCzdhSsdT8kGESV5Fr90s6bn8zsSt0mw8toWTuq%2FrxA49tRlzsCcPW2Kvs%2F269UyT7S5fQvYa%2BvXTJLzzVezDURACG1DbnRA1wwTqn1COvU2CXAhGbMI0UmU4Oo9hMKsnuHq%2BGTeQRru9jjPLLjQtT6gpe5MdLrtZHfCSdD%2BMqo45BPU015AAPXjNT3wI4MM2et8PEZYsaCOR%2F59VXU1eUoDRr73NWZ7v6LBgjdUUvC%2BMNOe%2FE7WwYIHyc23pns%2BMC3VZhhYJZ%2FCkVdJq4z1ZKif01TcIMeGUrQJHmvF918Dw2O9Bv%2FWq45L4U1Wg9HxO62mWX5ZGAkS9H6c8aLwHwKkLNe3tCyNp3FuQnYBj1a5p7SJUm8V9HM76kfoNde%2FPpD%2BTrY3VU7zRNXxn0ww3sqxswY6pQFCqYtEbs1XimVhnje07nTk2o4HYQ%2BPA0Lv4%2F4cYGL9diVQ8WqvTYnZvX7AAHTu%2BY3z%2BEhU8%2FzrswAke5cSa1Klj4q3BCPZgV2HM%2BHkiKpI%2F1c5nTeOK5rXjP%2BWAVzpamAZSljVd%2Bjw8OjIh2CcbN8k8F6NjZ1LGCCV9Qbju%2BQxHRXXm5Y4i4d%2BKUQ32r5j35r%2Fe1VhaGkHfkrEk9ddQaJ9oxKw0XQ%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUTXSXE6CU%2F20240614%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240614T155127Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=ce0bf34bb57817246865400ffc4922c8bf08af113e54d34c496416079cf72af2) |
図表3 |
![224022-3.gif](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/224022-3.gif?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBAaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkgwRgIhAICZxae%2BOqowZB7OVtGVpQ4DtkTLwIBCRJPbKwvMJaDPAiEA1a1mtdi%2F62EOgrEpT5HIj6ObZimhH2jjw0WvKAxJDAwqmQQIqf%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARACGgw1MzIzMzEwNzIwNDEiDEklg50dH%2BKcHdE7firtA0qSB%2FFCLQjyXEyOrrz3aFg2zSTaccZcXEyZKgdHr9d9pkqHd7eyoueDZWZBrKzaKG1ckDzYxWye8aGXXRo1KGaEv0u4CaqSWhMR39JRUSbyWjov1V7PNK15f7k8%2BK%2FL601k31WKYlZuBYgx%2Fz0hJPnai1pIpB5z%2FapyN%2BiuvX%2BL%2BPG6JaRzP91x%2Be%2F9r41lJiCYZhxBo7%2FmaNEc2jsBYhGQNDsYOL7EN0udgYtrfHlxBK3zr1fQhK7IxV2kJ5EpzCzdhSsdT8kGESV5Fr90s6bn8zsSt0mw8toWTuq%2FrxA49tRlzsCcPW2Kvs%2F269UyT7S5fQvYa%2BvXTJLzzVezDURACG1DbnRA1wwTqn1COvU2CXAhGbMI0UmU4Oo9hMKsnuHq%2BGTeQRru9jjPLLjQtT6gpe5MdLrtZHfCSdD%2BMqo45BPU015AAPXjNT3wI4MM2et8PEZYsaCOR%2F59VXU1eUoDRr73NWZ7v6LBgjdUUvC%2BMNOe%2FE7WwYIHyc23pns%2BMC3VZhhYJZ%2FCkVdJq4z1ZKif01TcIMeGUrQJHmvF918Dw2O9Bv%2FWq45L4U1Wg9HxO62mWX5ZGAkS9H6c8aLwHwKkLNe3tCyNp3FuQnYBj1a5p7SJUm8V9HM76kfoNde%2FPpD%2BTrY3VU7zRNXxn0ww3sqxswY6pQFCqYtEbs1XimVhnje07nTk2o4HYQ%2BPA0Lv4%2F4cYGL9diVQ8WqvTYnZvX7AAHTu%2BY3z%2BEhU8%2FzrswAke5cSa1Klj4q3BCPZgV2HM%2BHkiKpI%2F1c5nTeOK5rXjP%2BWAVzpamAZSljVd%2Bjw8OjIh2CcbN8k8F6NjZ1LGCCV9Qbju%2BQxHRXXm5Y4i4d%2BKUQ32r5j35r%2Fe1VhaGkHfkrEk9ddQaJ9oxKw0XQ%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUTXSXE6CU%2F20240614%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240614T155127Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=34401a421ad2610e3294c98f37ec8456f489b762ff020650d171854ae3958658) |
図表4 |
![224022-4.jpg](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/224022-4.jpg?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBAaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkgwRgIhAICZxae%2BOqowZB7OVtGVpQ4DtkTLwIBCRJPbKwvMJaDPAiEA1a1mtdi%2F62EOgrEpT5HIj6ObZimhH2jjw0WvKAxJDAwqmQQIqf%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARACGgw1MzIzMzEwNzIwNDEiDEklg50dH%2BKcHdE7firtA0qSB%2FFCLQjyXEyOrrz3aFg2zSTaccZcXEyZKgdHr9d9pkqHd7eyoueDZWZBrKzaKG1ckDzYxWye8aGXXRo1KGaEv0u4CaqSWhMR39JRUSbyWjov1V7PNK15f7k8%2BK%2FL601k31WKYlZuBYgx%2Fz0hJPnai1pIpB5z%2FapyN%2BiuvX%2BL%2BPG6JaRzP91x%2Be%2F9r41lJiCYZhxBo7%2FmaNEc2jsBYhGQNDsYOL7EN0udgYtrfHlxBK3zr1fQhK7IxV2kJ5EpzCzdhSsdT8kGESV5Fr90s6bn8zsSt0mw8toWTuq%2FrxA49tRlzsCcPW2Kvs%2F269UyT7S5fQvYa%2BvXTJLzzVezDURACG1DbnRA1wwTqn1COvU2CXAhGbMI0UmU4Oo9hMKsnuHq%2BGTeQRru9jjPLLjQtT6gpe5MdLrtZHfCSdD%2BMqo45BPU015AAPXjNT3wI4MM2et8PEZYsaCOR%2F59VXU1eUoDRr73NWZ7v6LBgjdUUvC%2BMNOe%2FE7WwYIHyc23pns%2BMC3VZhhYJZ%2FCkVdJq4z1ZKif01TcIMeGUrQJHmvF918Dw2O9Bv%2FWq45L4U1Wg9HxO62mWX5ZGAkS9H6c8aLwHwKkLNe3tCyNp3FuQnYBj1a5p7SJUm8V9HM76kfoNde%2FPpD%2BTrY3VU7zRNXxn0ww3sqxswY6pQFCqYtEbs1XimVhnje07nTk2o4HYQ%2BPA0Lv4%2F4cYGL9diVQ8WqvTYnZvX7AAHTu%2BY3z%2BEhU8%2FzrswAke5cSa1Klj4q3BCPZgV2HM%2BHkiKpI%2F1c5nTeOK5rXjP%2BWAVzpamAZSljVd%2Bjw8OjIh2CcbN8k8F6NjZ1LGCCV9Qbju%2BQxHRXXm5Y4i4d%2BKUQ32r5j35r%2Fe1VhaGkHfkrEk9ddQaJ9oxKw0XQ%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUTXSXE6CU%2F20240614%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240614T155127Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=ae5359a37272dadc6b8497bb4859fbcdb302415f616f46867987b8bd8c49e001) |
図表5 |
![224022-5.gif](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/224022-5.gif?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBAaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkgwRgIhAICZxae%2BOqowZB7OVtGVpQ4DtkTLwIBCRJPbKwvMJaDPAiEA1a1mtdi%2F62EOgrEpT5HIj6ObZimhH2jjw0WvKAxJDAwqmQQIqf%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARACGgw1MzIzMzEwNzIwNDEiDEklg50dH%2BKcHdE7firtA0qSB%2FFCLQjyXEyOrrz3aFg2zSTaccZcXEyZKgdHr9d9pkqHd7eyoueDZWZBrKzaKG1ckDzYxWye8aGXXRo1KGaEv0u4CaqSWhMR39JRUSbyWjov1V7PNK15f7k8%2BK%2FL601k31WKYlZuBYgx%2Fz0hJPnai1pIpB5z%2FapyN%2BiuvX%2BL%2BPG6JaRzP91x%2Be%2F9r41lJiCYZhxBo7%2FmaNEc2jsBYhGQNDsYOL7EN0udgYtrfHlxBK3zr1fQhK7IxV2kJ5EpzCzdhSsdT8kGESV5Fr90s6bn8zsSt0mw8toWTuq%2FrxA49tRlzsCcPW2Kvs%2F269UyT7S5fQvYa%2BvXTJLzzVezDURACG1DbnRA1wwTqn1COvU2CXAhGbMI0UmU4Oo9hMKsnuHq%2BGTeQRru9jjPLLjQtT6gpe5MdLrtZHfCSdD%2BMqo45BPU015AAPXjNT3wI4MM2et8PEZYsaCOR%2F59VXU1eUoDRr73NWZ7v6LBgjdUUvC%2BMNOe%2FE7WwYIHyc23pns%2BMC3VZhhYJZ%2FCkVdJq4z1ZKif01TcIMeGUrQJHmvF918Dw2O9Bv%2FWq45L4U1Wg9HxO62mWX5ZGAkS9H6c8aLwHwKkLNe3tCyNp3FuQnYBj1a5p7SJUm8V9HM76kfoNde%2FPpD%2BTrY3VU7zRNXxn0ww3sqxswY6pQFCqYtEbs1XimVhnje07nTk2o4HYQ%2BPA0Lv4%2F4cYGL9diVQ8WqvTYnZvX7AAHTu%2BY3z%2BEhU8%2FzrswAke5cSa1Klj4q3BCPZgV2HM%2BHkiKpI%2F1c5nTeOK5rXjP%2BWAVzpamAZSljVd%2Bjw8OjIh2CcbN8k8F6NjZ1LGCCV9Qbju%2BQxHRXXm5Y4i4d%2BKUQ32r5j35r%2Fe1VhaGkHfkrEk9ddQaJ9oxKw0XQ%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUTXSXE6CU%2F20240614%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240614T155127Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=0c49d3631f8f9bedcfc36dfad55a50cc1186ad97f3cf050835b2298dbd8b3f6b) |
図表6 |
![224022-6.gif](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/224022-6.gif?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBAaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkgwRgIhAICZxae%2BOqowZB7OVtGVpQ4DtkTLwIBCRJPbKwvMJaDPAiEA1a1mtdi%2F62EOgrEpT5HIj6ObZimhH2jjw0WvKAxJDAwqmQQIqf%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARACGgw1MzIzMzEwNzIwNDEiDEklg50dH%2BKcHdE7firtA0qSB%2FFCLQjyXEyOrrz3aFg2zSTaccZcXEyZKgdHr9d9pkqHd7eyoueDZWZBrKzaKG1ckDzYxWye8aGXXRo1KGaEv0u4CaqSWhMR39JRUSbyWjov1V7PNK15f7k8%2BK%2FL601k31WKYlZuBYgx%2Fz0hJPnai1pIpB5z%2FapyN%2BiuvX%2BL%2BPG6JaRzP91x%2Be%2F9r41lJiCYZhxBo7%2FmaNEc2jsBYhGQNDsYOL7EN0udgYtrfHlxBK3zr1fQhK7IxV2kJ5EpzCzdhSsdT8kGESV5Fr90s6bn8zsSt0mw8toWTuq%2FrxA49tRlzsCcPW2Kvs%2F269UyT7S5fQvYa%2BvXTJLzzVezDURACG1DbnRA1wwTqn1COvU2CXAhGbMI0UmU4Oo9hMKsnuHq%2BGTeQRru9jjPLLjQtT6gpe5MdLrtZHfCSdD%2BMqo45BPU015AAPXjNT3wI4MM2et8PEZYsaCOR%2F59VXU1eUoDRr73NWZ7v6LBgjdUUvC%2BMNOe%2FE7WwYIHyc23pns%2BMC3VZhhYJZ%2FCkVdJq4z1ZKif01TcIMeGUrQJHmvF918Dw2O9Bv%2FWq45L4U1Wg9HxO62mWX5ZGAkS9H6c8aLwHwKkLNe3tCyNp3FuQnYBj1a5p7SJUm8V9HM76kfoNde%2FPpD%2BTrY3VU7zRNXxn0ww3sqxswY6pQFCqYtEbs1XimVhnje07nTk2o4HYQ%2BPA0Lv4%2F4cYGL9diVQ8WqvTYnZvX7AAHTu%2BY3z%2BEhU8%2FzrswAke5cSa1Klj4q3BCPZgV2HM%2BHkiKpI%2F1c5nTeOK5rXjP%2BWAVzpamAZSljVd%2Bjw8OjIh2CcbN8k8F6NjZ1LGCCV9Qbju%2BQxHRXXm5Y4i4d%2BKUQ32r5j35r%2Fe1VhaGkHfkrEk9ddQaJ9oxKw0XQ%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUTXSXE6CU%2F20240614%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240614T155127Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=b54b95fe0ee65b8ed0a9298d5fe874ec4adf169ab3def1baabef4a64f97507aa) |
カテゴリ |
病害虫
畦畔管理
雑草
除草剤
水田
水稲
大豆
とうもろこし
土壌処理
よもぎ
|