タイトル |
乾田直播用点播機とその汎用利用 |
担当機関 |
秋田県農業試験場 |
研究期間 |
2000~2000 |
研究担当者 |
鎌田易尾
久米川孝治
金田吉弘
三浦恒子
児玉 徹
若松一幸
松橋秀男
片平光彦
|
発行年度 |
2000 |
要約 |
開発した乾田直播用点播機は、回転式の播種口と二段式リンク機構の動作によって水稲浸種籾の点播を可能にする。開発機は水稲で移植並みの株形成と、収量、エダマメに対しても安定した播種と収量が確保され、他作目へも汎用利用できる。
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背景・ねらい |
秋田県では水稲作後の圃場に大豆や野菜の作付けを行う田畑輪換に対応するため、乾田土中早期湛水直播(以下折衷直播と呼称)技術を開発中である。折衷直播における播種作業は、移植に近い生育と収量を確保するため多粒点播が望まれており、それを実現できる乾田直播用点播機の開発と汎用利用を行う。
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成果の内容・特徴 |
- 回転式播種口は、鎮圧ローラを動力源とする縦型多点式カムと二段式リンク機構で連動しているので、回転間隔の調節が容易である(図1)。
- 回転式播種口は外部バルブと内部バルブで構成され、両バルブに付属した角度の異なる播種穴を差動させることで、種子の安定供給と播種を可能にする(図2)。
- 縦型多点式カムの回転数は変速ギアで可変できるため、播種間隔の任意設定(25.7,24.1,22.4,20.9,19.2,17.6㎝)が可能である。種子繰り出し機構は傾斜ベルト式播種機を用いているため、播種量の調整が容易で他作目にも利用可能である。
- 点播形状は作業速度が増加すると縦長となり、条播に近似する(図3)。
- 圃場での水稲播種作業は作業速度0.56m/s、条間30㎝、播種間隔23.7㎝、播種粒数17.6粒、苗立ち形状が縦7.6㎝、横2.8㎝の楕円状である(表1)。また、エダマメ播種作業では、作業速度0.55m/s、条間75.0㎝、播種間隔20.1㎝である。
- 乾田直播用点播機を用いた現地実証試験では、水稲59.1㎏/a、エダマメ69.5㎏/aの収量である(表2)。
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成果の活用面・留意点 |
- 開発播種機は、水稲の乾田直播とエダマメ等畑作物の直播に利用できる。
- 種子繰り出し機構の播種穴間隔は、播種口の開閉と同調させるため一個間隔にする。
- 適性な点播形状を維持するため、作業速度は0.7m/s以下で行う必要がある。
- 他作目への利用には、種子の大きさに合致したベルトへの交換が必要である。
- 播種間隔は、土壌水分や砕土率によって変化する。
- 使用するトラクタは22KW(30PS)以上の出力が必要となる。
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図表1 |
![231595-1.jpg](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/231595-1.jpg?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEPL%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIhAP3FwQrIru1fT2mJYQuuDtkpRcVKa3kiqBtEhscfxZnwAiBhGP%2F2UXujr5qUv2RmPoO%2FoTre20vfyLFHYyRAs%2Ba0%2FSqZBAiL%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMAGWzHkt4HpAfkQ%2FRKu0DXTF6N%2F0bSARTmz7HyOs%2F8c4DDZWUKUYGoGi%2FeHTFFacYDaG2xZ7g9yZdGZdFx0pr8YGcMurvFAeisIW737%2Fr3jDPXmgIecQm5%2FBkVChNJeo8gU4759tRiLY09xew5CY%2Fl%2FsdgulpFojYFpun%2F8AvO1Z%2F2vjirIK3ZgGq%2FIG96md5niA81mLPIcmUBlG9Yb3Knpcic737mTzxuzT%2B%2Bjlv7Roby9YCZzzrDBRjrge0czCl0Qk5aFD3fuik8MLNXupSQpc07kQ0LPEmcMtlfckp41H065fuuli9Qxp8NvLaZlQRNbRGdTRylTiQd9C6g2a%2FomK%2BToH9suWzV2MjOkqUbLzQaAb7zQBfimULMoHy2%2B7NMrKUBM11C2W%2BGRgl9kMQ39h3NN2nCcyCmSpyFzshoxbm2dOmjt2%2FOr8JN2vIhh8gFFWLqI3y2Gk7vRqm6r0EWnJQdkU6HzrYWq6U3I6%2BT79WITVR1G2jP1ByPiHXExZ9eKO%2Fd%2BeoS1l69qjNiw29EppkKjTBjYhE6UalC7vGYM6bzOi5YS0Vz%2BgBbKPL%2FgqiFOisTvNe42yacTBfwT1ice0x%2FbLf9cNwn2HeRxF4AB5feflR8hBukEicG4ncWutA5ddFWG30T2dGx4qe8gSEoFsWcO9FKZgx7oZGhjDhi6uzBjqmAYvPfJXxXPdC%2Bux4EfYidj2u0glqFH7yn0SxefvQodmlfYBsXqjVj1KKAZHevtuvaXlzGNrC2mPDU1PtBBl1sHP%2F1q8PziWqx03Iqxt6duht4mKTA6iVUzBpug53us88BD5fM9ogiOr7JGC8oOJLl%2FfqdHfGvr8H%2BoTjt2%2Bg9HuxOiGK3Vt9NKlUs1rgOJ0vKUOGQcKDSOUwgCatXRTDrV%2Bpvcijp0Y%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUR5YPIPGE%2F20240613%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240613T101632Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=f0619fed5b9ab046ae9db0f383a2ed6861966e4d3c200cea3bb5e298c6e22f5f) |
図表2 |
![231595-2.jpg](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/231595-2.jpg?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEPL%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIhAP3FwQrIru1fT2mJYQuuDtkpRcVKa3kiqBtEhscfxZnwAiBhGP%2F2UXujr5qUv2RmPoO%2FoTre20vfyLFHYyRAs%2Ba0%2FSqZBAiL%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMAGWzHkt4HpAfkQ%2FRKu0DXTF6N%2F0bSARTmz7HyOs%2F8c4DDZWUKUYGoGi%2FeHTFFacYDaG2xZ7g9yZdGZdFx0pr8YGcMurvFAeisIW737%2Fr3jDPXmgIecQm5%2FBkVChNJeo8gU4759tRiLY09xew5CY%2Fl%2FsdgulpFojYFpun%2F8AvO1Z%2F2vjirIK3ZgGq%2FIG96md5niA81mLPIcmUBlG9Yb3Knpcic737mTzxuzT%2B%2Bjlv7Roby9YCZzzrDBRjrge0czCl0Qk5aFD3fuik8MLNXupSQpc07kQ0LPEmcMtlfckp41H065fuuli9Qxp8NvLaZlQRNbRGdTRylTiQd9C6g2a%2FomK%2BToH9suWzV2MjOkqUbLzQaAb7zQBfimULMoHy2%2B7NMrKUBM11C2W%2BGRgl9kMQ39h3NN2nCcyCmSpyFzshoxbm2dOmjt2%2FOr8JN2vIhh8gFFWLqI3y2Gk7vRqm6r0EWnJQdkU6HzrYWq6U3I6%2BT79WITVR1G2jP1ByPiHXExZ9eKO%2Fd%2BeoS1l69qjNiw29EppkKjTBjYhE6UalC7vGYM6bzOi5YS0Vz%2BgBbKPL%2FgqiFOisTvNe42yacTBfwT1ice0x%2FbLf9cNwn2HeRxF4AB5feflR8hBukEicG4ncWutA5ddFWG30T2dGx4qe8gSEoFsWcO9FKZgx7oZGhjDhi6uzBjqmAYvPfJXxXPdC%2Bux4EfYidj2u0glqFH7yn0SxefvQodmlfYBsXqjVj1KKAZHevtuvaXlzGNrC2mPDU1PtBBl1sHP%2F1q8PziWqx03Iqxt6duht4mKTA6iVUzBpug53us88BD5fM9ogiOr7JGC8oOJLl%2FfqdHfGvr8H%2BoTjt2%2Bg9HuxOiGK3Vt9NKlUs1rgOJ0vKUOGQcKDSOUwgCatXRTDrV%2Bpvcijp0Y%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUR5YPIPGE%2F20240613%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240613T101632Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=004f483c4d07d21d114108ca2d70c73e90e56951dc650a8c3ac7bdaaa09a0763) |
図表3 |
![231595-3.jpg](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/231595-3.jpg?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEPL%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIhAP3FwQrIru1fT2mJYQuuDtkpRcVKa3kiqBtEhscfxZnwAiBhGP%2F2UXujr5qUv2RmPoO%2FoTre20vfyLFHYyRAs%2Ba0%2FSqZBAiL%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMAGWzHkt4HpAfkQ%2FRKu0DXTF6N%2F0bSARTmz7HyOs%2F8c4DDZWUKUYGoGi%2FeHTFFacYDaG2xZ7g9yZdGZdFx0pr8YGcMurvFAeisIW737%2Fr3jDPXmgIecQm5%2FBkVChNJeo8gU4759tRiLY09xew5CY%2Fl%2FsdgulpFojYFpun%2F8AvO1Z%2F2vjirIK3ZgGq%2FIG96md5niA81mLPIcmUBlG9Yb3Knpcic737mTzxuzT%2B%2Bjlv7Roby9YCZzzrDBRjrge0czCl0Qk5aFD3fuik8MLNXupSQpc07kQ0LPEmcMtlfckp41H065fuuli9Qxp8NvLaZlQRNbRGdTRylTiQd9C6g2a%2FomK%2BToH9suWzV2MjOkqUbLzQaAb7zQBfimULMoHy2%2B7NMrKUBM11C2W%2BGRgl9kMQ39h3NN2nCcyCmSpyFzshoxbm2dOmjt2%2FOr8JN2vIhh8gFFWLqI3y2Gk7vRqm6r0EWnJQdkU6HzrYWq6U3I6%2BT79WITVR1G2jP1ByPiHXExZ9eKO%2Fd%2BeoS1l69qjNiw29EppkKjTBjYhE6UalC7vGYM6bzOi5YS0Vz%2BgBbKPL%2FgqiFOisTvNe42yacTBfwT1ice0x%2FbLf9cNwn2HeRxF4AB5feflR8hBukEicG4ncWutA5ddFWG30T2dGx4qe8gSEoFsWcO9FKZgx7oZGhjDhi6uzBjqmAYvPfJXxXPdC%2Bux4EfYidj2u0glqFH7yn0SxefvQodmlfYBsXqjVj1KKAZHevtuvaXlzGNrC2mPDU1PtBBl1sHP%2F1q8PziWqx03Iqxt6duht4mKTA6iVUzBpug53us88BD5fM9ogiOr7JGC8oOJLl%2FfqdHfGvr8H%2BoTjt2%2Bg9HuxOiGK3Vt9NKlUs1rgOJ0vKUOGQcKDSOUwgCatXRTDrV%2Bpvcijp0Y%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUR5YPIPGE%2F20240613%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240613T101632Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=55ee93f7545cb9ada1d41e358d3e12c181b2397d6a7f96b8c18603ffe8600fe2) |
図表4 |
![231595-4.jpg](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/231595-4.jpg?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEPL%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIhAP3FwQrIru1fT2mJYQuuDtkpRcVKa3kiqBtEhscfxZnwAiBhGP%2F2UXujr5qUv2RmPoO%2FoTre20vfyLFHYyRAs%2Ba0%2FSqZBAiL%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMAGWzHkt4HpAfkQ%2FRKu0DXTF6N%2F0bSARTmz7HyOs%2F8c4DDZWUKUYGoGi%2FeHTFFacYDaG2xZ7g9yZdGZdFx0pr8YGcMurvFAeisIW737%2Fr3jDPXmgIecQm5%2FBkVChNJeo8gU4759tRiLY09xew5CY%2Fl%2FsdgulpFojYFpun%2F8AvO1Z%2F2vjirIK3ZgGq%2FIG96md5niA81mLPIcmUBlG9Yb3Knpcic737mTzxuzT%2B%2Bjlv7Roby9YCZzzrDBRjrge0czCl0Qk5aFD3fuik8MLNXupSQpc07kQ0LPEmcMtlfckp41H065fuuli9Qxp8NvLaZlQRNbRGdTRylTiQd9C6g2a%2FomK%2BToH9suWzV2MjOkqUbLzQaAb7zQBfimULMoHy2%2B7NMrKUBM11C2W%2BGRgl9kMQ39h3NN2nCcyCmSpyFzshoxbm2dOmjt2%2FOr8JN2vIhh8gFFWLqI3y2Gk7vRqm6r0EWnJQdkU6HzrYWq6U3I6%2BT79WITVR1G2jP1ByPiHXExZ9eKO%2Fd%2BeoS1l69qjNiw29EppkKjTBjYhE6UalC7vGYM6bzOi5YS0Vz%2BgBbKPL%2FgqiFOisTvNe42yacTBfwT1ice0x%2FbLf9cNwn2HeRxF4AB5feflR8hBukEicG4ncWutA5ddFWG30T2dGx4qe8gSEoFsWcO9FKZgx7oZGhjDhi6uzBjqmAYvPfJXxXPdC%2Bux4EfYidj2u0glqFH7yn0SxefvQodmlfYBsXqjVj1KKAZHevtuvaXlzGNrC2mPDU1PtBBl1sHP%2F1q8PziWqx03Iqxt6duht4mKTA6iVUzBpug53us88BD5fM9ogiOr7JGC8oOJLl%2FfqdHfGvr8H%2BoTjt2%2Bg9HuxOiGK3Vt9NKlUs1rgOJ0vKUOGQcKDSOUwgCatXRTDrV%2Bpvcijp0Y%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUR5YPIPGE%2F20240613%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240613T101632Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=24fcb2eadbfc0f820cdb233be33d35ac8006b6f2225f19d1f7c63001a274f0c3) |
図表5 |
![231595-5.jpg](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/231595-5.jpg?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEPL%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkcwRQIhAP3FwQrIru1fT2mJYQuuDtkpRcVKa3kiqBtEhscfxZnwAiBhGP%2F2UXujr5qUv2RmPoO%2FoTre20vfyLFHYyRAs%2Ba0%2FSqZBAiL%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDUzMjMzMTA3MjA0MSIMAGWzHkt4HpAfkQ%2FRKu0DXTF6N%2F0bSARTmz7HyOs%2F8c4DDZWUKUYGoGi%2FeHTFFacYDaG2xZ7g9yZdGZdFx0pr8YGcMurvFAeisIW737%2Fr3jDPXmgIecQm5%2FBkVChNJeo8gU4759tRiLY09xew5CY%2Fl%2FsdgulpFojYFpun%2F8AvO1Z%2F2vjirIK3ZgGq%2FIG96md5niA81mLPIcmUBlG9Yb3Knpcic737mTzxuzT%2B%2Bjlv7Roby9YCZzzrDBRjrge0czCl0Qk5aFD3fuik8MLNXupSQpc07kQ0LPEmcMtlfckp41H065fuuli9Qxp8NvLaZlQRNbRGdTRylTiQd9C6g2a%2FomK%2BToH9suWzV2MjOkqUbLzQaAb7zQBfimULMoHy2%2B7NMrKUBM11C2W%2BGRgl9kMQ39h3NN2nCcyCmSpyFzshoxbm2dOmjt2%2FOr8JN2vIhh8gFFWLqI3y2Gk7vRqm6r0EWnJQdkU6HzrYWq6U3I6%2BT79WITVR1G2jP1ByPiHXExZ9eKO%2Fd%2BeoS1l69qjNiw29EppkKjTBjYhE6UalC7vGYM6bzOi5YS0Vz%2BgBbKPL%2FgqiFOisTvNe42yacTBfwT1ice0x%2FbLf9cNwn2HeRxF4AB5feflR8hBukEicG4ncWutA5ddFWG30T2dGx4qe8gSEoFsWcO9FKZgx7oZGhjDhi6uzBjqmAYvPfJXxXPdC%2Bux4EfYidj2u0glqFH7yn0SxefvQodmlfYBsXqjVj1KKAZHevtuvaXlzGNrC2mPDU1PtBBl1sHP%2F1q8PziWqx03Iqxt6duht4mKTA6iVUzBpug53us88BD5fM9ogiOr7JGC8oOJLl%2FfqdHfGvr8H%2BoTjt2%2Bg9HuxOiGK3Vt9NKlUs1rgOJ0vKUOGQcKDSOUwgCatXRTDrV%2Bpvcijp0Y%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIUR5YPIPGE%2F20240613%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240613T101632Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=de0b2ddab3962407d6d9ebb5cb2917cb38603f45d1502dab29a1b702054b3f73) |
カテゴリ |
えだまめ
乾田直播
水稲
大豆
播種
|