タイトル |
ユズ着色度別の果皮および砂じょうの成分特性 |
担当機関 |
兵庫県立北部農業技術センター |
研究期間 |
1998~1999 |
研究担当者 |
田畑広之進
井上喜正
廣田智子
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発行年度 |
1998 |
要約 |
ユズ果皮には香気、苦味、機能性成分が多く、砂じょうには酸が多い。着色がすすめば果皮の香気成分、砂じょうの酸が増加し、果皮の苦味、機能性成分が減少する。
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背景・ねらい |
ユズ着色別の果汁の成分特性を検討する場合には、果汁の主体となる砂じょうの成分のほか圧搾時に混入する果皮成分の影響を考慮する必要がある。そこで、ユズ着色別の砂じょうおよび果皮の香気成分、苦味成分、有機酸、機能性成分含量を明らかにし、果汁加工に適した着色度を検討した。
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成果の内容・特徴 |
- 香気成分(αピネン、ミルセン、dリモネン、γテルピネン、pシメン、リナロールの総和)は果皮に多く、砂じょうの31~47倍含まれる。果皮中の香気成分含量は着色がすすむと完全着色果で122.4mg%に上昇する(図1)。
- 苦味成分(ナリンギン、リモニン、ノミリンの総和)は果皮に多く、砂じょうの8~12倍含まれる。果皮中の苦味成分含量は緑色果で160.3mg%だが、着色がすすむと完全着色果で緑色果の約1/3に低下する(図2)。
- 有機酸(クエン酸、リンゴ酸の総和)は砂じょうに多く、果皮の4~5倍含まれる。砂じょう中の有機酸含量は緑色果で6.5%、完全着色果で7.7%である(図3)。
- ナリンギンは抗炎症作用、ヘスペリジン(ビタミンP)は毛細血管強化作用等、リモニン、ノミリンは抗腫瘍作用の機能性を有するが、これら機能性成分は果皮に多く、砂じょうの13~27倍含まれる。果皮中の機能性成分含量は緑色果で305.2mg%だが、着色がすすむと完全着色果で緑色果の約半分に低下する(図4)。
- 香りや酸味を強化した果汁を得るには着色のすすんだ果実が、苦味や機能性を強化した果汁を得るには着色のすすんでいない果実が適している。
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成果の活用面・留意点 |
- ユズ果実着色別の果皮および砂じょうの成分特性より、果汁加工原料としての収穫適期の判定や原料特性を生かした製品開発に活用できる。
- ユズ果実に含まれる成分を部位別に測定したもので、圧搾強度等の加工条件により果汁成分は異なる。
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図表1 |
![210665-1.gif](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/210665-1.gif?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEKT%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkYwRAIgW5I%2B5fseZbMs3BBWBPxSlW4akmTC0Qn69LVXmdoUi2sCIA01OJczgUdapBc7E2snGyW97it5Q6mBOzZYokIXIzoYKpAECF0QAhoMNTMyMzMxMDcyMDQxIgzXKazSB5SzL0gitcMq7QO0ZGIDsWmyMTyv2%2FnkoEYJFWfRm%2BcdKbo7Hfs%2B0Y2MKvpHBudG9V6UgPc4DdAubOY2erL8iBg33SjL63lUZtOh3Mtyf0YUa0l%2BM0P9wVXBDViS6FVUFRwFKmAaX6kIoNitUI9JjQ8dU2XgKcsrqoEUHL0YcKsiFfiIAKA51LAWDhnbtyUrIKnS6p4BlLvkbiggP%2B1HA4Nyvb%2BUnxdgNe5FlR5g6YxzocRulNhY7%2FeKD41PqVe7cTdvWAF85VNr3HV1LD7iNwsk59gE6%2F22uOtUZAosryqMRBzXYquIm8p6nwI%2Ba2CDAG%2BHBFcn9W65HAEA%2Foxrz3W6jUkH1A4NBhQjTWUAzvA9F8Iby5t8eMaxru%2Bk%2FgxPy9Y5ZsAvZaj%2Bm0HRuoefBFFnDFURrHX40ICQ7X%2B6duTekQZwQYPSBCPeTNgpirnusf8J1ZzjJvKRKTuD1qiPAxP4%2BDkqTYdzoL17W%2BoLd2DvL8%2B7AUCy1piNgFcN%2Bbxnnrs%2FUaHf%2FguC3rsbHNbA%2BnZ7NsVzWoJ7rmB82%2FUhLWI1QsVwU2Drw58MtsP5mVkOkthkhc82DSuHCcbe0edYNZ%2By2spEuOhc5ZgOOFoiSkc4bPF%2FCjc0U4EVA3Gllg4%2FAsOzXsVhY31Vy7h58483BsY4eZiqBPKFMO2xirQGOqcBO%2Fw6uMoh0%2B6UOYLGr6lsnk0xyXxFiIaHP5eiXLwZkr%2BEE7UTP5sBsI%2BJvBzOrFnBKbw%2FFM%2B%2BqMc4Mf10exMRmZZkdPP37q6CEtAX6GB10exLBdY%2F1QwKkouWYN71g4dwZq7BbbaXLSn2FcY5TdWjFlgEUWBgXs4323A%2FxYQWa8B1ncxTk8blQjY7fETe3aJqg75n2x6xSNHFf9Xn0VPysH2ZSK8KFds%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIU5MZ2I6AU%2F20240701%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240701T121436Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=fed77f893de1853c6947e2ce7a62549b9af23da4f42f2e3dd4aace452b06ec70) |
図表2 |
![210665-2.gif](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/210665-2.gif?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEKT%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkYwRAIgW5I%2B5fseZbMs3BBWBPxSlW4akmTC0Qn69LVXmdoUi2sCIA01OJczgUdapBc7E2snGyW97it5Q6mBOzZYokIXIzoYKpAECF0QAhoMNTMyMzMxMDcyMDQxIgzXKazSB5SzL0gitcMq7QO0ZGIDsWmyMTyv2%2FnkoEYJFWfRm%2BcdKbo7Hfs%2B0Y2MKvpHBudG9V6UgPc4DdAubOY2erL8iBg33SjL63lUZtOh3Mtyf0YUa0l%2BM0P9wVXBDViS6FVUFRwFKmAaX6kIoNitUI9JjQ8dU2XgKcsrqoEUHL0YcKsiFfiIAKA51LAWDhnbtyUrIKnS6p4BlLvkbiggP%2B1HA4Nyvb%2BUnxdgNe5FlR5g6YxzocRulNhY7%2FeKD41PqVe7cTdvWAF85VNr3HV1LD7iNwsk59gE6%2F22uOtUZAosryqMRBzXYquIm8p6nwI%2Ba2CDAG%2BHBFcn9W65HAEA%2Foxrz3W6jUkH1A4NBhQjTWUAzvA9F8Iby5t8eMaxru%2Bk%2FgxPy9Y5ZsAvZaj%2Bm0HRuoefBFFnDFURrHX40ICQ7X%2B6duTekQZwQYPSBCPeTNgpirnusf8J1ZzjJvKRKTuD1qiPAxP4%2BDkqTYdzoL17W%2BoLd2DvL8%2B7AUCy1piNgFcN%2Bbxnnrs%2FUaHf%2FguC3rsbHNbA%2BnZ7NsVzWoJ7rmB82%2FUhLWI1QsVwU2Drw58MtsP5mVkOkthkhc82DSuHCcbe0edYNZ%2By2spEuOhc5ZgOOFoiSkc4bPF%2FCjc0U4EVA3Gllg4%2FAsOzXsVhY31Vy7h58483BsY4eZiqBPKFMO2xirQGOqcBO%2Fw6uMoh0%2B6UOYLGr6lsnk0xyXxFiIaHP5eiXLwZkr%2BEE7UTP5sBsI%2BJvBzOrFnBKbw%2FFM%2B%2BqMc4Mf10exMRmZZkdPP37q6CEtAX6GB10exLBdY%2F1QwKkouWYN71g4dwZq7BbbaXLSn2FcY5TdWjFlgEUWBgXs4323A%2FxYQWa8B1ncxTk8blQjY7fETe3aJqg75n2x6xSNHFf9Xn0VPysH2ZSK8KFds%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIU5MZ2I6AU%2F20240701%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240701T121436Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=e1895534b753f7f6a2a91dee45828f17e80832366f2508f48bb4438bf315b3b8) |
図表3 |
![210665-3.gif](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/210665-3.gif?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEKT%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkYwRAIgW5I%2B5fseZbMs3BBWBPxSlW4akmTC0Qn69LVXmdoUi2sCIA01OJczgUdapBc7E2snGyW97it5Q6mBOzZYokIXIzoYKpAECF0QAhoMNTMyMzMxMDcyMDQxIgzXKazSB5SzL0gitcMq7QO0ZGIDsWmyMTyv2%2FnkoEYJFWfRm%2BcdKbo7Hfs%2B0Y2MKvpHBudG9V6UgPc4DdAubOY2erL8iBg33SjL63lUZtOh3Mtyf0YUa0l%2BM0P9wVXBDViS6FVUFRwFKmAaX6kIoNitUI9JjQ8dU2XgKcsrqoEUHL0YcKsiFfiIAKA51LAWDhnbtyUrIKnS6p4BlLvkbiggP%2B1HA4Nyvb%2BUnxdgNe5FlR5g6YxzocRulNhY7%2FeKD41PqVe7cTdvWAF85VNr3HV1LD7iNwsk59gE6%2F22uOtUZAosryqMRBzXYquIm8p6nwI%2Ba2CDAG%2BHBFcn9W65HAEA%2Foxrz3W6jUkH1A4NBhQjTWUAzvA9F8Iby5t8eMaxru%2Bk%2FgxPy9Y5ZsAvZaj%2Bm0HRuoefBFFnDFURrHX40ICQ7X%2B6duTekQZwQYPSBCPeTNgpirnusf8J1ZzjJvKRKTuD1qiPAxP4%2BDkqTYdzoL17W%2BoLd2DvL8%2B7AUCy1piNgFcN%2Bbxnnrs%2FUaHf%2FguC3rsbHNbA%2BnZ7NsVzWoJ7rmB82%2FUhLWI1QsVwU2Drw58MtsP5mVkOkthkhc82DSuHCcbe0edYNZ%2By2spEuOhc5ZgOOFoiSkc4bPF%2FCjc0U4EVA3Gllg4%2FAsOzXsVhY31Vy7h58483BsY4eZiqBPKFMO2xirQGOqcBO%2Fw6uMoh0%2B6UOYLGr6lsnk0xyXxFiIaHP5eiXLwZkr%2BEE7UTP5sBsI%2BJvBzOrFnBKbw%2FFM%2B%2BqMc4Mf10exMRmZZkdPP37q6CEtAX6GB10exLBdY%2F1QwKkouWYN71g4dwZq7BbbaXLSn2FcY5TdWjFlgEUWBgXs4323A%2FxYQWa8B1ncxTk8blQjY7fETe3aJqg75n2x6xSNHFf9Xn0VPysH2ZSK8KFds%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIU5MZ2I6AU%2F20240701%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240701T121436Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=8f557d19737850bd046e9ffaf8ccc09ac235d6d8499c1676536352c3233e6822) |
図表4 |
![210665-4.gif](https://s3-agre-content.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/assets/images/seika_chart/210665-4.gif?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEKT%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDmFwLW5vcnRoZWFzdC0xIkYwRAIgW5I%2B5fseZbMs3BBWBPxSlW4akmTC0Qn69LVXmdoUi2sCIA01OJczgUdapBc7E2snGyW97it5Q6mBOzZYokIXIzoYKpAECF0QAhoMNTMyMzMxMDcyMDQxIgzXKazSB5SzL0gitcMq7QO0ZGIDsWmyMTyv2%2FnkoEYJFWfRm%2BcdKbo7Hfs%2B0Y2MKvpHBudG9V6UgPc4DdAubOY2erL8iBg33SjL63lUZtOh3Mtyf0YUa0l%2BM0P9wVXBDViS6FVUFRwFKmAaX6kIoNitUI9JjQ8dU2XgKcsrqoEUHL0YcKsiFfiIAKA51LAWDhnbtyUrIKnS6p4BlLvkbiggP%2B1HA4Nyvb%2BUnxdgNe5FlR5g6YxzocRulNhY7%2FeKD41PqVe7cTdvWAF85VNr3HV1LD7iNwsk59gE6%2F22uOtUZAosryqMRBzXYquIm8p6nwI%2Ba2CDAG%2BHBFcn9W65HAEA%2Foxrz3W6jUkH1A4NBhQjTWUAzvA9F8Iby5t8eMaxru%2Bk%2FgxPy9Y5ZsAvZaj%2Bm0HRuoefBFFnDFURrHX40ICQ7X%2B6duTekQZwQYPSBCPeTNgpirnusf8J1ZzjJvKRKTuD1qiPAxP4%2BDkqTYdzoL17W%2BoLd2DvL8%2B7AUCy1piNgFcN%2Bbxnnrs%2FUaHf%2FguC3rsbHNbA%2BnZ7NsVzWoJ7rmB82%2FUhLWI1QsVwU2Drw58MtsP5mVkOkthkhc82DSuHCcbe0edYNZ%2By2spEuOhc5ZgOOFoiSkc4bPF%2FCjc0U4EVA3Gllg4%2FAsOzXsVhY31Vy7h58483BsY4eZiqBPKFMO2xirQGOqcBO%2Fw6uMoh0%2B6UOYLGr6lsnk0xyXxFiIaHP5eiXLwZkr%2BEE7UTP5sBsI%2BJvBzOrFnBKbw%2FFM%2B%2BqMc4Mf10exMRmZZkdPP37q6CEtAX6GB10exLBdY%2F1QwKkouWYN71g4dwZq7BbbaXLSn2FcY5TdWjFlgEUWBgXs4323A%2FxYQWa8B1ncxTk8blQjY7fETe3aJqg75n2x6xSNHFf9Xn0VPysH2ZSK8KFds%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAXX4LHRIU5MZ2I6AU%2F20240701%2Fap-northeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240701T121436Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=1800&X-Amz-Signature=c9c00a3aa397dee1f8d1371f8e001ac93cd1be5e98e93b7373fc4759915e4c16) |
カテゴリ |
加工
機能性
機能性成分
ゆず
りんご
|